Sustainable Pakistan: Taking climate action now

Climate change, a global existential threat, requires the concerted efforts of all nations to mitigate its effects and adapt to its inevitable consequences. Pakistan, with its diverse topography and heavy dependence on agriculture, is particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Recognizing this, the Government of Pakistan has launched numerous initiatives to address these challenges, supported by international partnerships such as the US-Pakistan Green Alliance framework. The article discusses the various efforts undertaken by Pakistan to combat climate change and the key role of international cooperation in these efforts.

US-Pakistan ‘Green Alliance’ Framework

During his April 25-28 visit to Lahore, U.S. Deputy Chief of Mission (DCM) Andrew Schofer emphasized the importance of addressing climate change, food security and energy issues within the framework of the U.S.-Pakistan Green Alliance. Accompanied by Consuls General from Lahore, Karachi and Peshawar, DCM Schofer emphasized the need for urgent action and cooperation in areas such as climate-smart agriculture, clean energy and water management. The Green Alliance represents a strategic partnership to support innovation, strong partnerships and diverse perspectives to address global challenges.

The framework also supports specific initiatives such as the Women in Energy grantee program, which aims to combat the effects of climate change by empowering women in the energy sector. Such initiatives highlight the interconnectedness of gender equality and climate action, promoting a holistic approach to sustainable development.

Gender equality and empowerment

In addition to its focus on the environment, the U.S.-Pakistani partnership also advances gender equality. During his visit, DCM Schofer hosted events to mark the 20th anniversary of the English Access scholarship program, which has supported more than 27,000 Pakistani students since 2004. The program not only improves English language skills, but also supports leadership and economic independence, especially among women and girls.

Additionally, the U.S. government supports various initiatives to empower women through sports, education, and career development. Programs such as the Women’s Entrepreneurial Academy and the TechGirls exchange program aim to equip women with the skills and opportunities they need to thrive in a changing climate landscape.

Cultural protection and community development

DCM Schofer’s visit also included a tour of the walled city of Lahore, highlighting the U.S. government’s commitment to cultural preservation in Pakistan. With funding for 35 cultural preservation projects worth $8.4 million, including 20 projects in Punjab, these efforts not only protect Pakistan’s rich heritage but also contribute to economic development and community building.

Energy efficiency and renewable energy

One of the key areas of focus for Pakistan’s climate strategy is energy efficiency. The country’s dependence on fossil fuels, coupled with significant energy deficits during periods of peak demand, requires a shift to more sustainable energy practices. According to the International Energy Agency, energy efficiency could provide more than 40% of the greenhouse gas reductions needed to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement.

The UNEP-backed energy efficiency project in Pakistan, supported by the Global Facility for the Environment, is a significant step towards this goal. The project aims to promote energy-efficient lighting that will save 1.3 terawatt-hours of electricity per year by 2030, reducing carbon dioxide emissions equivalent to taking 630,000 cars off the road. This initiative not only lowers electricity costs, but also strengthens the national grid and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.

The Billion Tree Tsunami Project

Another cornerstone of Pakistan’s climate change mitigation strategy is the Billion Tree Tsunami project launched in 2014. This ambitious initiative aims to restore forests to 350,000 hectares of degraded land, sequestering over 148 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent over the next decade. These types of reforestation efforts are crucial to increasing biodiversity, improving air quality and ensuring sustainable livelihoods for local communities.

National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) of Pakistan

Pakistan’s comprehensive approach to climate change is embodied in the National Climate Change Policy (NCCP). The NCCP outlines the country’s vulnerabilities and proposes measures to mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change in various sectors:

1. Water resources management: Given Pakistan’s heavy dependence on the Indus River system, the NCCP emphasizes on improving water storage capacity, efficient water use and adopting integrated water resources management practices.
2. Agriculture: The policy promotes climate-resilient crops, improved irrigation practices and sustainable agricultural techniques to ensure food security in the face of changing climate conditions.
3. Disaster preparedness: Strengthening early warning systems and improving community-based disaster risk management are key elements of the NCCP to better prepare for climate-driven disasters.
4. Energy efficiency and renewable energy: The policy advocates saving energy, improving energy efficiency and switching to renewable energy sources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
5. Afforestation and reforestation: Increasing forest cover through sustainable practices is essential for carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation.
6. Social awareness and capacity building: NCCP emphasizes the importance of raising public awareness of climate change and building the capacity of institutions and communities to effectively address climate challenges.

Climate change poses a serious threat to Pakistan’s sustainable development. However, through strategic initiatives such as the US-Pakistan Green Alliance framework, the Billion Tree Tsunami Project, and a comprehensive national climate change policy, Pakistan is taking active steps to mitigate and adapt to these challenges. International cooperation and support, combined with sound domestic policies, are key to building resilience and ensuring a sustainable future for Pakistan. By supporting innovation, empowering communities and prioritizing environmental sustainability, Pakistan is leading the way towards a more climate-resilient future.