Differences in operating principles, applications and more

The world is rapidly transitioning to more sustainable forms of energy solutions. Solar inverters are essential equipment in the renewable energy landscape. According to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), the U.S. solar market has installed more than 11.8 gigawatts (GW) of solar capacity, accounting for 75% of all new electricity generation capacity. This exponential growth demonstrates the important role solar inverters play in meeting renewable energy demand.

There are different types of inverters, two popular choices are string inverters and central inverters. With the advancement of technology, both types are now more efficient and versatile. Both offer customized solutions to meet diverse energy needs. Companies like Sungrow are at the forefront of this innovation. Let’s spill the tea on the difference between string inverter and central inverter, their technological evolution and benefits.

What are string inverters?

Ideal for residential and small commercial solar installations, the string inverter is the most commonly used type of inverter in the world. A string converter connects a series of solar panels, or “string,” into a single inverter. It then converts the direct current (DC) generated by the panels into alternating current (AC) for home or grid use.

Advantages of string inverters:

String inverters have been used for decades, and the main reason for their success is the durability and robustness they offer. Here are some of their advantages:

• Scalability: String inverters are ideal for small to medium sized projects.
• Easy to maintain: You can easily identify damaged strings and have them serviced.

What are central inverters?

Central inverters are most often used as power plants for large solar installations. They work by collecting DC power from solar arrays and converting it to AC power in a centralized unit. This makes them suitable for utility-scale projects.

Advantages of central inverters:

Since central inverters have been on the market for a long time, they are highly reliable. Here are some of their advantages:

• High Efficiency: Central solar inverters can easily convert large amounts of energy with minimal losses.
• Scalability: Perfect for large installations requiring significant output power.
• Cost-effective: Lower cost per watt for large projects due to economies of scale.
• Reliability: Central inverters are placed in high-protection environments, making them extremely reliable.

Difference between chain inverter and central inverter

String inverters and central inverters differ in cost, maintenance and performance. Here is a detailed description of the differences between string inverter and central inverters:

1. System Design

The main difference between string inverters and central inverters is that the central inverter has multiple PV strings and is placed centrally in these strings. However, the string inverter receives fewer strings and is placed at the end point of each PV string.

2. Power

String inverters have lower output power, while central inverters are designed to handle huge power. The power range of string inverters is from 0.6 to a maximum of 150 kW, while central inverters range from 10 kW to 500 kW.

3. Applications

You’ll see everyday use of string inverters in residential environments, small businesses, and installations where monitoring individual panels is essential. Central inverters, on the other hand, are primarily used in large solar farms, industrial applications, and projects requiring extensive power management.

4. Reliability

Central inverters have a well-established reputation for reliability, which is proven by their long-term successful use.

5. Maintenance

Due to the modular design of string inverters, they are easier to maintain compared to central inverters, which, due to their scale, require specialist knowledge and equipment.

6. Initial investment

String inverters are more expensive up front as they cost twice as much as central inverters.

7. Energy consumption

String inverters are great for mid-sized systems with smaller to medium power needs. However, central inverters are best suited for large power needs.

8. Environmental sensitivity

In extreme environmental conditions, such as shade and temperature fluctuations, both inverters provide optimal performance. However, the central inverters are more tolerant of these conditions.

9. Installation

The installation of series inverters is quick because their installation process is simpler compared to central inverters.

10. Network regulation

While string inverters provide more flexibility in grid regulation, central inverters provide solid grid support for large-scale management.

Sungrow SG4400UD-MV-US Central Inverter

The Sungrow SG4400UD-MV-US central inverter is designed for utility-scale projects, providing unmatched performance and scalability.

• Nominal power: 4400 kW
• Efficiency: High conversion rate, reducing energy loss.
• Applications: Suitable for solar farms, industrial facilities and large-scale installations.

With features such as advanced grid support and high environmental resistance, the Sungrow central inverter is the ideal choice for large solar farms.

Sungrow String Inverter SG350HX-US

Sungrow String Inverter SG350HX-US is designed specifically for residential and light commercial applications. You can easily install this string inverter. Its modular design allows for system expansion, making it a versatile choice for various projects.

• Nominal power: 350 kW
• Performance: Optimized for small to medium installations.
• Applications: Perfect for small businesses and community solar projects.

Application

For decades, Sungrow has been developing converter technology for renewable energy sources. Their sustainable energy solutions are best known for their efficiency, reliability and cutting-edge technology. With over 3,500 patents and a strong focus on research and development, they deliver innovative and reliable products that drive a more sustainable future, backed by a commitment to quality and excellence.